Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; I. Indian Government during the Sultanate II. Babur and Humayun III. Akbar and the Foundation of a New Order Appendix: Hindu Mansabdars of Akbar IV. Jahangir V. Shah Jahan Appendix: Sanskrit Writers of the Mughal Period VI. Aurangzeb (1) VII. Aurangzeb (2) Appendix: List of Mansabdars VIII. Aurangzeb (3) Appendix: The Sikhs and the Mughal Emperors IX. Imposition and Collection of the Jizya under Aurangzeb Appendix 1: Aurangzeb's Orders about the Imposition and Collection of Jizya Appendix 2: Memoranda on the Collection of Jizya in Parganah Nivase in 1094 A.H. X. Conversions to Islam under Aurangzeb Appendix: Hindu Converts to Islam XI. Aurangzeb's Failure XII. Nature of the State in Mughal India Bibliography Index